Glossary

discouraged

headword discourage · adjective; verb (simple past and past participle of discourage) · read in Alcoholics Anonymous (1939)

In context

Many of us exclaimed, “What an order! I can’t go through with it.” Do not be discouraged. No one among us has been able to maintain anything like perfect adherence to these principles. We are not saints. The point is, that we are willing to grow along spiritual lines. The principles we have set down are guides to progress. We claim spiritual progress rather than spiritual perfection. BB p.60 ¶2

Here: The adjective discouraged in its ordinary sense of disheartened, having lost courage or hope. The passage tells the newcomer who has just read the Steps and cried “What an order!” not to lose heart over the size of the task.

In 1939 discouraged carried the plain meaning of having one's courage lessened. Webster's Collegiate (5th ed., 1939 printing) defines the verb as “To lessen the courage of; to dishearten,” and gives the synonyms dismay, depress, dispirit and daunt, with encourage, embolden, hearten and cheer as its opposites. Webster's Revised Unabridged (1913) is similar: “To extinguish the courage of; to dishearten; to depress the spirits of; to deprive of confidence; to deject.” Webster's 1828 treats the participle as “Disheartened; deprived of courage or confidence; depressed in spirits; dejected; checked.” The word is built on courage, which Etymonline traces to Old French corage, “heart” and “spirit”, so dis-courage is literally to take the heart out of someone.

Read with that older weight, the line is a direct reply to the despair behind “I can’t go through with it.” The newcomer is losing heart in the literal sense, and the Book gives the courage back with the next sentences: no one has kept perfect adherence, we are not saints, and the aim is to “grow along spiritual lines.” The word names the danger of quitting before starting, and the Book's answer is to restore the reader's courage, not to lower the standard.

Usages

Written by Claude (sonnet) from the dictionaries and passages of the lookup; every quotation in it was checked against them, and what could not be found was left out. A study aid, not a source.

The dictionaries of 1939

Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

Discourage \Dis·cour′age, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Discouraged; p. pr. & vb. n. Discouraging.] [Pref. dis- + courage: cf. OF. descoragier, F. décourager: pref. des- (L. dis-) + corage, F. courage. See Courage.]

  1. To extinguish the courage of; to dishearten; to depress the spirits of; to deprive of confidence; to deject; — the opposite of encourage; as, he was discouraged in his undertaking; he need not be discouraged from a like attempt. Fathers, provoke not your children to anger, lest they be discouraged. —Col. iii. 21.
  2. To dishearten one with respect to; to discountenance; to seek to check by disfavoring; to deter one from; as, they discouraged his efforts. Syn. To dishearten; dispirit; depress; deject; dissuade; disfavor.

— Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913), the [1913 Webster] text of GCIDE on dict.org

The dictionary on a 1939 desk was Webster's Second New International (1934), in copyright until 2030; the Collegiate above is its 1939 abridgment, from a local scan. Webster's Revised Unabridged (1913) is the nearest public-domain dictionary.

Webster's American Dictionary of the English Language (1828)

DISCOURAGED, participle passive Discuraged. Disheartened; deprived of courage or confidence; depressed in spirits; dejected; checked. — Webster's 1828

WordNet 3.0 (Princeton, 2006)

  • adjective 1: made less hopeful or enthusiastic — “desperate demoralized people looking for work” [syn: demoralized, demoralised, discouraged, disheartened]
  • adjective 2: lacking in resolution — “the accident left others discouraged about going there”

— WordNet 3.0 on dict.org

In the Book 9

Alcoholics Anonymous 5

In the personal stories 2

Alcoholic Anonymous Number Three

  • BB p.184 ¶3 On June 26, 1935, I came to in the hospital, and to say I was discouraged is to put it mildly. Each of the seven times that I had left this hospital in the previous six months, I had…

Gratitude in Action

  • BB p.198 ¶4 …we had going from one place to the other, answering ads and meeting people. I was getting more and more discouraged. One day, a member said, “Dave, why don’t you apply at the aircraft factory? I know a fellow there who could…

Twelve Steps and Twelve Traditions 4

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